機器總有一死，談談失效分析（failure analysis）

小師妹_c937B

很久沒叫大家學英語，今天這篇也是來自engineering clicks,作者是一個穆斯林女工程師，截一段作者簡介，雖然不資深，但是看看別人的工作狀態也是有利無弊嘛~
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( h/ e) J# @5 q' v( g2 y文章的原標題是這樣的，整篇文章比較短，也比較簡單，老規矩，大家可以把自己對原文的理解跟帖回復，我會稍后貼出我的譯文，對照著看看學學。

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I’d like to discuss an example of failure analysis on a customer’s product, a small machine. During the course of my analysis, I projected a significant decrease in performance over time due to a seemingly insignificant manufacturing defect. He was faced with a choice: either repurpose the part (melt it and reuse its material) or use it as-is with the understanding that it would wear faster than planned.

Educating clients about failure analysis

The client was unfamiliar with failure analysis, and couldn’t comprehend how a scratch from a tool could result in failure. As the client was not an engineer, I slowly walked him through the phenomena and simplified as much as possible the theory behind failure. In the end, he was convinced but stated, “The pyramids have been around for more than 4000 years. I don’t see them crumbling because of weather or vibration or random defects”. However, I explained that he was building a small machine that generates a lot of motion, not a static structure.

% k" s0 p. G* f* f! W7 ?0 pInvestment in failure analysis systems

Failure analysis is often missed, especially with small companies that go directly from CAD to manufacturing. As failure analysis requires advanced and often expensive skill sets and software, smaller companies often feel that they can’t afford it and instead rely on their own technicians’ expertise and their secure place in their market. However, as competitiveness and quality standards increase, failure anaylsis is becoming more and more important and these smaller companies are increasingly at a disadvantage. Many modern requirements demand a certain number of working cycles for a machine or system, and without failure analysis it is difficult to meet these requirements.

Maintaining a competitive edge

Larger and more advanced companies that do failure analysis have an advantage. For example, if your shop exclusively welds railway rails, quantifying the number of cycles at average speed your welded rails can take is a valuable asset in today’s competitive market. Most universities offer training on quantifying residual stress from heat, the stress resulting from vibration and the impact of frequency on the rails’ structure in case of defects. The main challenge is to be aware of new requirements and make sure to maintain the capabilities to meet them.

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Of course, in addition to the failure analysis you will need to add in safety factors and application-specific coefficients before presenting to your potential buyer; every industry has its own security coefficients and best practices to ensure safety and performance. For example, a lift that says it holds up to four people will likely hold several more before failing, but its rating is reduced to ensure a factor of safety.

Working with universities and Ph.D. candidates

If you run a business that manufactures a product, consider the benefits of failure analysis to your competitive position, liability and safety. Many universities conduct research in an effort to help the industry become more reliable and give opportunities to PhD candidates. Your company may be able to benefit by bringing your own industry-specific issues to universities, while providing their staff and students with useful projects to work on. This could be a win-win for your business, the university and the industry at large.

張曉剛zxg

英文不好，坐等樓主譯文

五面怪

有些專業的詞匯、看起來確實很費勁，先收藏啦、慢慢看！

機械路慢

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+ J1 P% M. j0 r# S# |2 s個人英語水平有限，雖然單詞都認識，但深層專業知識可能理解不對。感覺這位女同志說都是一些可以google的知識點，沒有具體說怎么去做失效分析（步驟，方法，思路什么的），而是說了做失效分析有什么好處，不開森。PS：人家能有這樣的認識比我強多了，我平時都不想自己的工作有什么重要之處

universal

樓主，你畢竟是外行，失效分析的是零件，不是機器，機器報廢往往考慮的是經濟性和安全性，不是失效。

眾要機械

我喜歡討論客戶產品的的失敗案例。

隨風227

大體看了下，應該是在講 失效分析的重要性和方法，一是讓客戶了解知道失效分析 二是對失效分析進行投資 三是失效分析會帶來競爭優勢 四是 和大學或者是研究所進行合作

茄子把兒

英語得學啊

眾要機械

樓主忘記給翻譯了，等譯文中。